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Bisiimwa yihanangirije Senateri Jeanne Shaheen: “M23 ntiyarenze ku masezerano itigeze isinya” – Isesengura ryimbitse ku ntambara y’i Burasirazuba bwa Congo n’uruhare rwa Washington

Mu gihe intambara ikomeje gufata indi ntera mu Burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, amagambo akomeye akomeje guhererekanywa ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Umuyobozi wungirije wa AFC/M23 ushinzwe politiki, Bertrand Bisimwa, yagaragaje kutishimira amagambo ya Senateri wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Jeanne Shaheen, wavuze ko iri huriro ryarenze ku masezerano ya Washington agamije gushaka amahoro mu burasirazuba bwa Congo.

Mu butumwa bwe, Bisiimwa yabajije ikibazo cyazamuye impaka ndende:

“Ni gute M23 yarenga ku masezerano itigeze isinya kandi atayireba?”

Aya magambo yazamuye ibiganiro bikomeye ku ruhare rwa Amerika, ku isesengura mpuzamahanga ry’iyi ntambara, no ku cyerekezo cy’amahoro mu karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari.

Amasezerano ya Washington yavuzweho iki?

Amasezerano avugwa ni ayabereye mu murwa mukuru wa Amerika, Washington, D.C., aho habereye ibiganiro byari bigamije kugabanya imirwano no gushyiraho umurongo w’ibiganiro hagati ya Leta ya Congo n’abayirwanya.

Ibiganiro byari bigamije:

• Guhagarika imirwano hagati y’impande zihanganye

• Kurinda abasivili

• Gusaba ibihugu by’akarere kudashyigikira imitwe yitwaje intwaro

• Gushyiraho inzira y’amahoro arambye

Nyamara AFC/M23 yo ivuga ko itigeze itumirwa mu buryo buziguye cyangwa ngo ibe yarasinye ayo masezerano. Aho ni ho Bisiimwa ahera agaragaza ko kuyishinja kurenga ku masezerano atayireba ari ukwibeshya cyangwa se politiki.

Intambara ya M23: Amateka yayo mu ncamake

Umutwe wa M23 (Mouvement du 23 Mars) wavutse mu 2012 nyuma y’uko bamwe mu basirikare bari barinjijwe mu gisirikare cya Congo bavuga ko Leta ya Kinshasa itubahirije amasezerano yo ku wa 23 Werurwe 2009.

Mu 2013, M23 yaje gutsindwa n’ingabo za Leta ya Congo zifatanyije n’ingabo z’Umuryango w’Abibumbye, United Nations. Nyuma y’imyaka mike isa n’ituje, mu 2021 uyu mutwe wongeye kubura imirwano, ufata ibice byinshi byo muri Kivu y’Amajyaruguru.

Leta ya Democratic Republic of the Congo yahise ishinja u Rwanda kuwushyigikira, ibirego Rwanda rwahakanye kenshi.

Iki kibazo cyahise kiba mpuzamahanga, aho ibihugu bikomeye byatangiye kubigiramo uruhare mu buryo bwa dipolomasi n’igitutu cya politiki.

Icyo Jeanne Shaheen yavuze

Senateri Jeanne Shaheen, umwe mu banyapolitiki bafite ijambo rikomeye muri Komisiyo y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga ya Sena ya Amerika, yatangaje ko ibikorwa bya M23 bidafasha mu gushyira mu bikorwa amasezerano yagezweho i Washington.

Yavuze ko M23 ikomeje ibikorwa bya gisirikare mu gihe amahanga ari kugerageza gushaka amahoro, bityo bikaba ari ukurenga ku murongo w’ibiganiro.

Ariko ikibazo cyagarutsweho ni iki: Ese koko hari aho M23 yasinye ayo masezerano ku buryo yayishyiraho inshingano zo kuyubahiriza?

Bisiimwa asanga ikibazo kiri mu isesengura rya Washington

Mu magambo ya Bisiimwa, agaragaza ko ikibazo atari ibikorwa bya M23 gusa, ahubwo ko ari uburyo Amerika isesengura intambara yo mu burasirazuba bwa Congo.

Agaragaza ko:

• Intambara ifite amateka maremare ajyanye n’ivangura n’ibibazo by’imiyoborere

• Hari ibibazo by’impunzi zimaze imyaka myinshi

• Hari imitwe myinshi yitwaje intwaro itavugwa cyane mu itangazamakuru mpuzamahanga

Ku ruhande rwa M23, bavuga ko ikibazo atari ugufata ibice gusa, ahubwo ko ari ikibazo cy’uburenganzira n’umutekano w’abaturage bavuga Ikinyarwanda muri Congo.

Inyungu za Amerika mu karere

Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zifite inyungu zitandukanye mu karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari:

1. Kurwanya iterabwoba

2. Kugenzura umutungo kamere wa Congo (coltan, cobalt, zahabu)

3. Gukumira ko aka karere kaba indiri y’imitwe yitwaje intwaro

4. Kugumana ijambo rikomeye muri politiki ya Afurika

Abasesenguzi bamwe bavuga ko uburyo Washington ifata ikibazo cya M23 bushobora kuba bushingiye ku nyungu za geopolitike kurusha kureba impamvu z’imbere mu gihugu cya Congo.

Uruhare rwa Kinshasa

Leta ya Congo ifite icyicaro i Kinshasa, yakomeje kugaragaza ko M23 ari umutwe w’iterabwoba ugomba kurwanywa.

Ingabo za Congo (FARDC) zakomeje kugaba ibitero byo kugarura ibice byafashwe na M23. Ibi byatumye imirwano ikomeza gukaza umurego, abasivili benshi bahunga ingo zabo.

Kinshasa ivuga ko amahanga akwiye gushyira igitutu ku bafasha M23 aho gushyira mu majwi Leta yayo.

Impaka ku ruhare rw’u Rwanda

Kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye byagarutsweho ni ibirego bya Congo ko u Rwanda rushyigikira M23.

U Rwanda rwagiye ruhakana ibi birego, rukavuga ko ikibazo nyacyo ari uko Congo yananiwe gukemura ibibazo by’umutekano ku butaka bwayo no kurandura umutwe wa FDLR uvuga ko ugizwe n’abasize bakoze Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.

Iki kibazo gituma umubano hagati ya Kigali na Kinshasa ujya uba mubi, bikagira ingaruka ku karere kose.

Ese M23 ni umutwe w’iterabwoba cyangwa umutwe wa politiki?

Iki ni kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye by’amategeko na politiki.

Congo ibona M23 nk’umutwe w’iterabwoba.
M23 yo ivuga ko ari umutwe wa politiki ufite impamvu zo kurwanira uburenganzira bw’abaturage.

Amahanga amwe ayishyira mu mitwe yitwaje intwaro itemewe, andi akayibona nk’igice kigomba kwinjizwa mu biganiro.

Ibi ni byo bituma ikibazo kiba urujijo ku rwego mpuzamahanga.

Ingaruka ku baturage

Mu gihe abanyapolitiki bagongana amagambo, abaturage bo mu burasirazuba bwa Congo ni bo bakomeje kubabara kurusha abandi.

• Abantu barenga miliyoni imwe bamaze kuva mu byabo

• Abana benshi ntibiga

• Ubucuruzi bwarahagaze

• Ibikorwaremezo byarasenyutse

Intambara imaze imyaka irenga 20 muri aka gace, kandi buri gihe iyo havutse indi mitwe cyangwa indi mirwano, abaturage ni bo babihomberamo.

Amahoro arambye aracyashoboka?

Abasesenguzi bavuga ko amahoro ashoboka ariko bisaba:

• Ibiganiro birimo impande zose, harimo na M23

• Gukemura ikibazo cy’imitwe yose yitwaje intwaro

• Ubufatanye bw’ibihugu by’akarere

• Uruhare rutabogamye rw’amahanga

Niba impande zikomeza kurebana ay’ingwe, amahoro arambye ashobora gutinda.

Umusozo: Ese Washington izahindura isesengura?

Amagambo ya Bertrand Bisiimwa yerekana ko M23 ititeguye kwemera ibirego byo kurenga ku masezerano itigeze isinya.

Ku rundi ruhande, Senateri Jeanne Shaheen n’abandi banyapolitiki ba Amerika bakomeje gusaba ko M23 ihagarika imirwano.

Ikibazo gikomeye gisigaye ni iki:

• Ese Washington izasubira ku meza isesengure neza uruhare rwa buri ruhande?

• Ese M23 izemera kwinjira mu biganiro byimbitse?

• Ese Kinshasa izemera ibiganiro bidashyizeho amabwiriza akakaye?

Ibi bibazo ni byo bizagena ejo hazaza h’umutekano mu burasirazuba bwa Congo n’akarere kose k’Ibiyaga Bigari.

📌 UMUTSINZI.COM izakomeza kubagezaho isesengura ryimbitse, amakuru agezweho n’ibitekerezo by’abasesenguzi ku bibazo bikomeye byo mu karere no ku rwego mpuzamahanga.