AFC/M23 yungutse abasirikare 1 518: Gen. Sultani Makenga yasoje imyitozo y’umutwe udasanzwe i Rumangabo
Mu gihe umutekano mu Burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo ukomeje kuba ingorabahizi ku butegetsi bwa Kinshasa, Ihuriro AFC/M23 ryatangaje ko ryungutse abasirikare bashya 1 518 bo mu mutwe udasanzwe, basoje imyitozo ya gisirikare mu muhango wayobowe n’Umugaba Mukuru waryo, Maj Gen Sultani Makenga.
Uyu muhango wabaye ku wa Mbere tariki 02 Werurwe, ubera mu Kigo cya Gisirikare cya Rumangabo, mu Ntara ya Kivu ya Ruguru. Ni igikorwa cyafashwe nk’icyerekana imbaraga nshya z’iri huriro, rikomeje kwagura ibikorwa byaryo bya gisirikare n’imiyoborere mu duce rifiteho ijambo.
Iyi nkuru, iyo isesenguwe mu buryo bwimbitse, igaragaza byinshi birenze imibare y’abasirikare bashya. Irerekana ihindagurika ry’imbaraga mu karere, irerekana ikibazo cy’imitwe yitwaje intwaro ihindura abarwanyi, ndetse inatanga ishusho y’ahazaza h’umutekano muri Kivu ya Ruguru.
Imyitozo y’umutwe udasanzwe: Intego n’ubusobanuro
Aba basirikare 1 518 bavuga ko bitandukanyije n’igisirikare cya Leta ya Congo (FARDC), bavuga ko barambiwe imiyoborere mibi, ruswa, no kubura icyizere ku buyobozi. Binyuze mu butumwa bwa Gen. Makenga, bashimiwe “guhitamo inzira nshya” no kwiyunga ku ihuriro AFC/M23.
Imyitozo basoje si isanzwe. Ubusanzwe, “umutwe udasanzwe” (special unit) mu gisirikare usobanura ingabo zitozwa by’umwihariko ku mirwano yihariye: kurwanya inyeshyamba, kurinda ibice by’ingenzi, ibikorwa byihuse, ndetse n’imirwano yo mu misozi n’amashyamba, nk’ahaboneka muri Kivu.
Rumangabo, aho uyu muhango wabereye, ni ahantu hafite amateka akomeye mu bijyanye n’intambara zo mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo. Ni ikigo cyagiye gihindurwamo ibirindiro by’ingabo za Leta n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro mu bihe bitandukanye. Kuba AFC/M23 ihakorera umuhango nk’uyu, ni ikimenyetso cy’uko ifite icyizere ku kugenzura aka gace.
Ni iki cyihishe inyuma y’iyongera ry’abasirikare?
Iyinjira ry’aba basirikare 1 518 rifite ibisobanuro byinshi bya politiki n’igisirikare:
Kwerekana ko AFC/M23 ifite ubushobozi bwo gukurura abarwanyi
Iyo umutwe w’inyeshyamba ushobora kwakira abasirikare benshi bavuye mu gisirikare cya Leta, biba bigaragaza icyuho mu buyobozi bwa Leta n’ikibazo cy’icyizere mu ngabo zayo.
Guhindura isura ya AFC/M23
Mu itangazo, aba basirikare bashimiwe kuba baritandukanyije na FARDC “yokamwe n’imigirire mibi”. Ibi byubaka narrative y’uko AFC/M23 ishaka kwiyerekana nk’umutwe ufite umurongo w’imiyoborere myiza kurusha uwo inenga.
Kongera imbaraga ku rugamba
Mu gihe imirwano itaracogora mu duce twa Masisi, Rutshuru na Nyiragongo, kongeramo abasirikare barenga igihumbi n’igice bishobora guhindura isura y’urugamba.
Ubutumwa bwa Gen. Makenga: Politiki n’igisirikare
Mu butumwa bwe, Gen. Sultani Makenga yashimiye aba basirikare kuba barahisemo “kurwanira impinduka”. Aha hari ingingo ebyiri z’ingenzi:
Gukomeza kubaka ubumwe bw’imbere mu mutwe
Iyo abasirikare bashya binjiye, hakenerwa kububaka mu buryo bw’imyumvire (ideology), kugira ngo bataba umutwaro ahubwo babe imbaraga.
Kwereka amahanga ko AFC/M23 ikomeje kwaguka
Ibi biba ubutumwa ku baturage, ku butegetsi bwa Kinshasa, no ku mahanga, ko uyu mutwe utari mu gucika intege.
Isesengura ku kibazo cya FARDC
Kuba hari abasirikare bavuga ko bavuye muri FARDC kubera “imigirire mibi” ni ikibazo gikomeye. FARDC imaze imyaka inengwa n’imiryango mpuzamahanga ku birego bya ruswa, kutubahiriza uburenganzira bwa muntu, no kudatanga umutekano uhagije mu Burasirazuba.
Ariko kandi, hari n’ababona ko iyi mvugo ikoreshwa nk’intwaro ya politiki, igamije kwerekana AFC/M23 nk’igisubizo ku bibazo bya Leta. Ukuri gushobora kuba hagati: hari ibibazo mu ngabo za Leta, ariko kandi n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro nayo ikunze kuregwa ihohotera.
Rumangabo: Ikimenyetso cy’ubugenzuzi bw’akarere
Ikigo cya Rumangabo ni ahantu h’ingenzi mu bijyanye n’umutekano wa Kivu ya Ruguru. Kugikorera umuhango nk’uyu ni ubutumwa bukomeye:
Ni ukwerekana ko AFC/M23 ifite ububasha bwo kugenzura ibikorwaremezo bya gisirikare.
Ni ukwereka abaturage ko ifite imiyoborere ihamye mu duce igenzura.
Ni ukwereka ko ishobora gutoza, kwakira no kugenzura umubare munini w’abarwanyi.
Ingaruka ku baturage ba Kivu ya Ruguru
Abaturage nibo bakunze kwibasirwa n’intambara. Iyongera ry’ingabo rishobora gusobanura ibintu bibiri bitandukanye:
Kongera imirwano n’ihindagurika ry’uduce tugenzurwa
Ibi bishobora kongera impunzi n’ibibazo by’ubutabazi.
Cyangwa kugabanya imirwano mu duce AFC/M23 igenzura
Iyo umutwe wiyumva ukomeye, ushobora kugerageza gushyiraho ituze mu duce ufiteho ijambo, kugira ngo werekane ko ushoboye kuyobora.
Reba kure: Ese ibi bisobanura iki ku biganiro by’amahoro?
Mu gihe habaye ibiganiro bitandukanye bigamije kugarura amahoro mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo, iyinjira ry’abasirikare benshi muri AFC/M23 rishobora:
Gushyira igitutu ku butegetsi bwa Kinshasa.
Gutuma ibiganiro bigorana, kuko impande zombi zishobora kumva zifite imbaraga zihagije zo gukomeza urugamba.
Cyangwa bikaba intambwe yo kongera imbaraga mbere yo kwinjira mu biganiro bifite ishingiro.
Umwanzuro: Ihindagurika ry’imbaraga mu karere
Inkuru y’iyinjira ry’abasirikare 1 518 mu ihuriro AFC/M23 no gusoza imyitozo yabo iyobowe na Gen. Sultani Makenga si inkuru isanzwe. Ni igikorwa gifite uburemere bwa gisirikare, politiki n’imibereho y’abaturage.
Igaragaza:
Intege nke zishobora kuba ziri mu gisirikare cya Leta ya Congo.
Imbaraga n’icyizere AFC/M23 ishaka kwerekana.
Icyerekezo cy’urugamba rushobora gukomeza guhindura isura.
Mu gihe amahanga akomeje gukurikirana ibibera mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo, iyi ntambwe nshya ishobora kugira uruhare rukomeye mu kugena uko amezi ari imbere azaba ameze.
Ikigaragara ni uko akarere ka Kivu ya Ruguru kagikomeje kuba ihuriro ry’inyungu za politiki n’igisirikare, aho buri gikorwa cyose gifite ubusobanuro burenze uko kigaragara inyuma.
