Guverineri wa Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu cy’u Rwanda (BNR), Soraya Hakuziyaremye, yamuritse ku mugaragaro gahunda nshya y’imyaka itanu ya 2026-2030 igamije guteza imbere serivisi z’imari kuri bose (Financial Inclusion Strategy 2026-2030), igamije gushyira Abanyarwanda bose mu murongo w’iterambere ribafasha kugera kuri serivisi z’imari ku buryo bworoshye, bwizewe kandi buhendutse.
Iyi gahunda nshya ije ikurikira indi yarangiye, ikaba igamije gukomeza kubaka urwego rw’imari rufite imbaraga, rwigenga kandi rufasha abaturage bose kugera ku nguzanyo, kwizigamira, kwishingira no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu kwishyurana. Ni imwe mu nkingi z’ingenzi zizafasha u Rwanda kugera ku cyerekezo cyarwo cyo kuba Igihugu gifite ubukungu buteye imbere cyane mu 2050.
Impamvu y’iyi gahunda nshya
Mu myaka ishize, u Rwanda rwateye intambwe igaragara mu kwagura serivisi z’imari. Raporo zitandukanye zagaragaje ko umubare w’Abanyarwanda bafite konti muri banki cyangwa bakoresha serivisi z’imari wiyongereye cyane, bitewe ahanini n’ikoreshwa rya telefoni zigendanwa mu kwishyurana, kwiyongera kw’ibigo by’imari iciriritse n’amabanki, ndetse no gushyiraho amategeko yorohereza ishoramari.
Icyakora, nubwo hari intambwe imaze guterwa, haracyari icyuho ku byiciro bimwe na bimwe by’abaturage birimo urubyiruko, abagore, abahinzi n’aborozi, abatuye mu byaro n’abafite ubumuga, bagihura n’imbogamizi zirimo kubura ingwate, ubumenyi buke ku micungire y’imari, cyangwa intera ndende ibatandukanya n’ibigo by’imari.
Ni muri urwo rwego National Bank of Rwanda (BNR) yashyizeho gahunda y’imyaka itanu igamije gukemura ibyo bibazo, ishyira imbere ikoranabuhanga, uburezi ku by’imari, no kongera ibicuruzwa by’imari bijyanye n’ibyiciro bitandukanye by’abaturage.
Intego nyamukuru za 2026-2030
Gahunda ya 2026-2030 ifite intego nyamukuru zirimo:
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Kongera umubare w’Abanyarwanda bakoresha serivisi z’imari ku rwego rwo hejuru – si ukugira konti gusa, ahubwo gukoresha neza izo serivisi mu buryo butuma ubukungu bw’umuturage buzamuka.
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Kugabanya icyuho hagati y’abagabo n’abagore mu kugera kuri serivisi z’imari.
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Kongera ikoreshwa ry’ikoranabuhanga mu rwego rw’imari (FinTech).
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Guteza imbere serivisi z’imari zijyanye n’ubuhinzi n’ubucuruzi buciriritse.
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Kongera icyizere n’umutekano mu rwego rw’imari.
Guverineri Soraya Hakuziyaremye yagaragaje ko iyi gahunda yubakiye ku isesengura ryimbitse ryakozwe ku bibazo bikigaragara mu rwego rw’imari, ndetse no ku mahirwe igihugu gifite mu gukoresha ikoranabuhanga nk’imbarutso y’iterambere.
Ikoranabuhanga nk’ishingiro ry’iterambere
U Rwanda rumaze kuba icyitegererezo mu ikoreshwa rya telefoni zigendanwa mu kwishyurana no kohereza amafaranga. Serivisi za Mobile Money zimaze kugera kuri benshi, zituma n’abatuye kure y’imijyi bashobora gukora ibikorwa by’imari badakandagiye muri banki.
Muri gahunda ya 2026-2030, BNR irateganya:
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Gushyigikira ibigo bya FinTech bizana ibisubizo bishya mu rwego rw’imari.
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Gushyiraho amategeko arushaho kurengera abakoresha serivisi z’imari hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga.
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Guteza imbere uburyo bwo kwishyurana butagira amafaranga akoreshwa mu ntoki (cashless economy).
Ibi bizafasha kugabanya ibiciro by’ikorwa ry’imari, kongera umuvuduko w’ubucuruzi no gukurura ishoramari riturutse hanze.
Guteza imbere uburezi ku by’imari
Imwe mu mbogamizi zikomeye zituma abaturage batitabira serivisi z’imari ni ubumenyi buke ku micungire y’imari. Abantu benshi bashobora kuba bafite konti, ariko ntibamenye uburyo bwo kwizigamira, gushora imari cyangwa gufata inguzanyo ku buryo bubafasha.
BNR ifatanyije n’izindi nzego za Leta n’abafatanyabikorwa, izashyira imbaraga mu:
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Gutanga amahugurwa ku micungire y’imari mu mashuri.
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Gutegura ibiganiro n’amahugurwa ku baturage binyuze mu nzego z’ibanze.
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Gukoresha itangazamakuru mu gutanga ubutumwa bwo kwigisha ku mikoreshereze myiza ya serivisi z’imari.
Ibi bizafasha abaturage gufata ibyemezo byiza bijyanye n’imari yabo, bityo birinde kugwa mu myenda ibaremereye cyangwa mu bikorwa by’uburiganya.
Gushyigikira ubucuruzi buciriritse n’ubuhinzi
Ubucuruzi buciriritse n’ubuhinzi ni inkingi z’ingenzi z’ubukungu bw’u Rwanda. Ariko hari igihe ababikora batabona inguzanyo zibafasha kwagura ibikorwa byabo kubera kubura ingwate cyangwa amateka y’imari agaragaza ubushobozi bwabo.
Gahunda ya 2026-2030 iteganya:
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Gushyiraho uburyo bushya bwo gutanga inguzanyo hifashishijwe amakuru y’ikoranabuhanga (digital credit scoring).
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Gushyigikira ibigo by’imari iciriritse n’amakoperative yo kwizigamira no kugurizanya (SACCOs).
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Guteza imbere ubwishingizi mu buhinzi (agricultural insurance) bufasha abahinzi kwirinda igihombo giturutse ku mihindagurikire y’ibihe.
Ibi bizafasha kongera umusaruro, guteza imbere ubucuruzi no kuzamura imibereho y’abaturage.
Uruhare mu cyerekezo 2050
U Rwanda rwihaye intego yo kuba Igihugu gifite ubukungu buteye imbere cyane mu 2050. Kugira ngo ibi bigerweho, bisaba ko buri muturage agira uruhare mu bikorwa by’ubukungu kandi agerwaho na serivisi z’imari zimufasha guteza imbere ibikorwa bye.
Serivisi z’imari kuri bose ni inkingi ikomeye mu kugera kuri iyo ntego, kuko zituma:
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Abaturage babasha kwizigamira no gushora imari.
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Ubucuruzi bwiyongera kandi bukagira ubushobozi bwo guhanga imirimo.
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Isoko ry’imari rigira imbaraga kandi rigakurura abashoramari.
Guverineri Soraya Hakuziyaremye yashimangiye ko iyi gahunda itazagerwaho n’inzego za Leta zonyine, ahubwo ko bisaba ubufatanye bw’amabanki, ibigo by’imari, abikorera, n’abaturage ubwabo.
Gukomeza kubaka icyizere mu rwego rw’imari
Icyizere ni ishingiro ry’urwego rw’imari rukomeye. Mu gihe abaturage batizeye ibigo by’imari, ntibabasha kuzikoresha uko bikwiye.
Muri gahunda nshya, hazashyirwa imbaraga mu:
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Kongera igenzura no gukumira ibyaha by’iyezandonke n’uburiganya.
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Kurengera uburenganzira bw’abakiriya b’ibigo by’imari.
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Gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu kurinda amakuru y’abakoresha serivisi z’imari.
Ibi bizatuma urwego rw’imari rukomeza kuba urufatiro rw’iterambere rirambye.
Umusozo
Gahunda ya 2026-2030 yo guteza imbere serivisi z’imari kuri bose yamuritswe na Guverineri wa BNR, Soraya Hakuziyaremye, ni indi ntambwe ikomeye u Rwanda ruteye mu kubaka ubukungu bushingiye ku baturage bose.
Iyi gahunda ifite intego yo gukuraho inzitizi zikigaragara mu kugera kuri serivisi z’imari, gushyigikira ikoranabuhanga, kongera ubumenyi ku micungire y’imari no kubaka icyizere mu rwego rw’imari. Byose bikaba bigamije gushyira u Rwanda mu murongo uganisha ku cyerekezo cy’Igihugu cyifuzwa mu 2050.
Mu gihe izashyirwa mu bikorwa neza kandi igahabwa ubufatanye busesuye, izafasha mu kuzamura imibereho y’Abanyarwanda, kongera ubukungu bw’igihugu no gutuma buri muturage agira uruhare mu iterambere ry’igihugu cye.
