Minisitiri w’Uburezi, Nsengimana Joseph, yatangaje ko nubwo urwego rw’uburezi mu Rwanda rumaze gutera intambwe igaragara mu kongera umubare w’abana bajya ku ishuri, hakiri imbogamizi zikomeye zigira ingaruka ku ireme ry’imyigire. Muri izo mbogamizi, yagaragaje ikibazo cy’abanyeshuri batinda mu ishuri (overage learners), aho abarenga kimwe cya kabiri cy’abanyeshuri biga bafite imyaka irenze iyo bagombye kuba bafite bitewe n’icyiciro bigamo.
Ibi yabitangaje mu kiganiro cyagarukaga ku ishusho y’uburezi mu gihugu, aho yagaragaje ko mu bana batangira umwaka wa mbere w’amashuri abanza, ababasha kurangiza amashuri yisumbuye ku gihe ari mbarwa. Kugeza ubu, mu Rwanda habarurwa abanyeshuri bagera kuri miliyoni 4,8 biga mu byiciro bitandukanye by’amashuri, kuva mu mashuri y’incuke kugera mu mashuri yisumbuye.
Umubare munini ariko hakiri ibibazo by’ireme
U Rwanda rwashyize imbaraga mu guteza imbere uburezi kuri bose, by’umwihariko binyuze muri politiki y’uburezi bw’ibanze bw’imyaka 12 (12YBE). Ibi byatumye umubare w’abana bitabira amashuri wiyongera ku kigero gishimishije. Ariko Minisitiri Nsengimana yagaragaje ko kongera umubare w’abiga bidahagije, ahubwo ko hakenewe no kureba ku ireme n’imigendekere y’urugendo rw’umunyeshuri kuva atangiye ishuri kugeza arangije.
Yasobanuye ko kuba umwana ari mu cyiciro runaka ariko afite imyaka irenze iy’abagenzi be bigaragaza ko hari ibibazo mu myigire, birimo gusibira, gutangira ishuri atinze cyangwa gusiba amasomo kenshi. Ibi byose bigira ingaruka ku musaruro w’uburezi no ku mibereho y’abo banyeshuri mu gihe kizaza.
Impamvu z’itinda ry’abanyeshuri mu ishuri
Minisiteri y’Uburezi igaragaza ko impamvu zituma abana batinda mu ishuri ari nyinshi kandi zitandukanye. Zimwe muri zo zirimo imiterere y’imiryango ikennye ituma abana batangira ishuri batinze cyangwa bakarivamo bakajya gukora imirimo itandukanye. Hari kandi ikibazo cy’abimuka bava mu bice bimwe bajya mu bindi, bikabangamira gukomeza amasomo ku gihe.
Indi mpamvu ni imbogamizi zirebana n’ubushobozi bw’abanyeshuri ubwabo, aho bamwe bagira ibibazo by’imyigire bituma basibira cyangwa bagasubira mu byiciro byo hasi. Hari n’ingaruka zatewe n’ibihe bidasanzwe byagiye bibaho mu myaka yashize, birimo icyorezo cya COVID-19 cyatumye amashuri afungwa igihe kinini, bigatuma bamwe mu bana basubira inyuma mu masomo.
Ingaruka ku banyeshuri no ku gihugu
Kuba umunyeshuri atinda mu ishuri bigira ingaruka nyinshi. Ku rwego rw’umunyeshuri ku giti cye, bishobora gutuma agira ipfunwe, akabura icyizere cyangwa akumva adahuye n’abo bigana. Hari n’igihe bamwe bahitamo guta ishuri burundu kubera ko bumva batakibasha gukomeza urugendo rw’amasomo.
Ku rwego rw’igihugu, gutinda kw’abanyeshuri mu ishuri bigabanya umubare w’abarangiza amashuri ku gihe, bigatuma habaho icyuho mu kubona abakozi bafite ubumenyi bukenewe ku isoko ry’umurimo. Ibi bishobora kudindiza iterambere, cyane cyane mu gihe igihugu gishyize imbere ubukungu bushingiye ku bumenyi.
Miliyoni 4,8 z’abanyeshuri: amahirwe n’inshingano
Kuba mu Rwanda habarurwa abanyeshuri miliyoni 4,8 ni ikimenyetso cy’uko uburezi bwitabirwa ku rugero rwo hejuru. Ariko nanone ni inshingano ikomeye ku nzego z’uburezi, ababyeyi n’abafatanyabikorwa mu guteza imbere ireme ry’uburezi.
Minisitiri Nsengimana yagaragaje ko iyi mibare igomba kurebwa nk’amahirwe yo kubaka ejo hazaza h’igihugu, ariko bikajyana no gushaka ibisubizo birambye ku mbogamizi zigaragara. Yashimangiye ko intego atari ugutuma abana bajya ku ishuri gusa, ahubwo ko ari ukubaha uburezi bufite ireme bubategurira guhangana n’isi y’iki gihe.
Ingamba zo gukemura ikibazo
Mu rwego rwo kugabanya ikibazo cy’abanyeshuri batinda mu ishuri, Minisiteri y’Uburezi yatangiye gushyiraho ingamba zitandukanye. Zimwe muri zo zirimo kongera ubukangurambaga ku babyeyi kugira ngo batangize abana babo ishuri ku gihe, no gukurikirana abanyeshuri bafite ibibazo by’imyigire hakiri kare.
Hari kandi gahunda zo kongera amahugurwa ku barimu, kugira ngo bashobore gutahura no gufasha abanyeshuri bafite intege nke mu masomo. Gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu myigire na byo biri mu ngamba zigamije gufasha abanyeshuri kwiga neza no gusubiza inyuma icyuho cyatewe n’ibihe byahise.
Minisitiri yavuze ko hakenewe ubufatanye bw’inzego zose zirimo imiryango, ubuyobozi bw’amashuri, inzego z’ibanze n’abafatanyabikorwa mpuzamahanga kugira ngo ikibazo gikemuke burundu.
Uruhare rw’ababyeyi n’umuryango
Ababyeyi bafite uruhare rukomeye mu rugendo rw’umwana wabo mu ishuri. Gutangira ishuri ku gihe, gukurikirana imyigire y’umwana no kumushyigikira mu gihe ahura n’imbogamizi ni bimwe mu bintu by’ingenzi bishobora kugabanya ikibazo cy’itinda.
Hari kandi uruhare rw’umuryango mugari mu kurinda abana guta ishuri no kubashishikariza gukomeza amasomo yabo. Mu bice bimwe by’icyaro, hakiri imbogamizi zishingiye ku bukene cyangwa ku myumvire ituma abana badahabwa amahirwe angana yo kwiga.
Ireme ry’uburezi nk’inkingi y’iterambere
U Rwanda rwihaye intego yo kuba igihugu gifite ubukungu bushingiye ku bumenyi. Kugira ngo ibi bigerweho, bisaba ko uburezi bufite ireme kandi ko abanyeshuri barangiza ibyiciro byabo ku gihe bafite ubumenyi buhagije.
Minisitiri Nsengimana yagaragaje ko guhangana n’ikibazo cy’abatinda mu ishuri biri mu by’ingenzi bigomba kwitabwaho mu myaka iri imbere. Yavuze ko gukemura iki kibazo bizafasha kuzamura umubare w’abarangiza amashuri yisumbuye no kongera amahirwe y’urubyiruko mu mashuri makuru no ku isoko ry’umurimo.
Gushora imari mu burezi
Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yakomeje kongera ishoramari mu burezi, harimo kubaka amashuri mashya, kongera ibyumba by’amashuri no gutanga ibikoresho byifashishwa mu myigire. Ariko Minisitiri yavuze ko ishoramari rigomba kujyana n’ingamba zo gukurikirana imigendekere y’abanyeshuri no gukemura ibibazo byabo ku gihe.
Hari gahunda zo gukusanya no gusesengura amakuru ajyanye n’imyigire y’abanyeshuri, kugira ngo hafatwe ibyemezo bishingiye ku mibare no ku bushakashatsi.
Umusozo
Ikibazo cy’abanyeshuri batinda mu ishuri ni imwe mu mbogamizi zikomeye zigihari mu rwego rw’uburezi mu Rwanda, nubwo hari intambwe igaragara imaze guterwa mu kongera umubare w’abiga. Minisitiri w’Uburezi, Nsengimana Joseph, yagaragaje ko abarenga kimwe cya kabiri cy’abanyeshuri bafite imyaka irenze iy’icyiciro bigamo, kandi ko mu batangira amashuri abanza, abarangiza ayisumbuye ku gihe ari bake.
Kuba hari abanyeshuri miliyoni 4,8 mu mashuri ni amahirwe akomeye ku gihugu, ariko bisaba ingamba zihamye zo kunoza ireme ry’uburezi no gukemura imbogamizi zituma abana batinda cyangwa guta ishuri. Ubufatanye bw’inzego zose buzaba ingenzi mu gutuma buri mwana atangira ishuri ku gihe, akiga neza kandi akarangiza amasomo ye afite ubumenyi bumufasha kubaka ejo hazaza heza n’iry’igihugu muri rusange.
