Ingabo za Uganda People’s Defence Force (UPDF) ku wa Kabiri zasohoye itangazo rikomeye rihakana raporo ya United Nations Human Rights Commission (Komisiyo y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ishinzwe Uburenganzira bw’Ikiremwamuntu) iyishinja kuba zaragabye ibitero byo mu kirere byahitanye abasivile muri South Sudan.
Iyi raporo yavugaga ko indege z’intambara za UPDF zarashe ibisasu mu bice bituwe n’abaturage, bigahitana inzirakarengane. Ariko ubuyobozi bwa UPDF bwahise butangaza ko ibyo birego bidafite ishingiro, bushimangira ko ibikorwa byabwo byari bigamije kurinda umutekano no kuburizamo imirwano yari imaze gufata indi ntera i Juba.
Raporo ya Loni ivuga iki?
Komisiyo y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ishinzwe Uburenganzira bw’Ikiremwamuntu yashyize ahagaragara inyandiko ivuga ko hari ibimenyetso byerekana ko indege za gisirikare za Uganda zagabye ibitero byo mu kirere mu bice byari bituwe n’abaturage, bigatuma hapfa abantu benshi ndetse abandi bagakomereka.
Raporo ivuga ko ibi byabaye mu gihe habaga imirwano hagati y’ingabo za leta ya Sudani y’Epfo n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro itavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi. Iyi komisiyo yasabye ko hakorwa iperereza ryigenga kugira ngo hamenyekane ukuri ku byabaye, ndetse n’ababigizemo uruhare baryozwe.
Abashinzwe gutanga amakuru muri Loni bavuze ko mu ntambara zibera mu mijyi, birushaho kuba ngombwa ko impande zose zubahiriza amategeko mpuzamahanga agenga intambara, cyane cyane arengera abasivile.
Igisubizo cya UPDF
Mu itangazo ryashyizwe ahagaragara n’Ingabo za Uganda, UPDF yavuze ko itigeze igaba ibitero byibasira abasivile, ahubwo ko ibikorwa byayo byari mu rwego rwo gufasha ubuyobozi bwa Sudani y’Epfo guhangana n’umutekano mucye wari uteje impagarara i Juba.
UPDF yagize iti: “Nta gitero na kimwe twagabye kigamije kwibasira abasivile. Ingabo zacu zakoranye n’inzego z’umutekano za Sudani y’Epfo mu buryo bugamije kurinda abaturage no kuburizamo ibikorwa byari byugarije umutekano w’igihugu.”
Ubuyobozi bwa UPDF bwongeyeho ko indege zayo zagabye ibitero ku ntego za gisirikare gusa, kandi ko ibikorwa byabwo byagizwemo uruhare mu kugarura ituze mu murwa mukuru Juba.
Uruhare rwa Uganda muri Sudani y’Epfo
Uganda isanzwe ifite uruhare rukomeye mu mutekano wa Sudani y’Epfo kuva iki gihugu cyabona ubwigenge mu 2011. Mu bihe bitandukanye, UPDF yagiye yoherezwa gufasha ingabo za Sudani y’Epfo guhangana n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro ndetse no kurinda ubutegetsi bw’i Juba.
Umubano hagati ya Kampala na Juba ushingiye ku nyungu za politiki, umutekano n’ubucuruzi. Sudani y’Epfo ni isoko rikomeye ku bicuruzwa biva muri Uganda, kandi umutekano wayo ufite ingaruka ku karere kose ka Afurika y’Iburasirazuba.
Abasesenguzi bavuga ko Uganda ifite inyungu zo gukomeza kugaragaza ko ari umufatanyabikorwa wizewe mu bijyanye n’umutekano w’akarere.
Icyo amategeko mpuzamahanga ateganya
Mu mategeko mpuzamahanga agenga intambara, cyane cyane amasezerano ya Genève, impande ziri mu ntambara zisabwa kurinda abasivile no kwirinda kubagabaho ibitero. Iyo habayeho ibirego byo kwibasira abasivile, hakorwa iperereza kugira ngo hamenyekane niba habayeho kurenga ku mategeko.
Raporo ya Loni isaba ko hakorwa iperereza ryimbitse kandi ridafite aho ribogamiye. Ariko UPDF yo ivuga ko ititeguye kwemera ibirego itafata nk’ukuri, kandi ko yiteguye gutanga ibisobanuro birambuye ku bikorwa byayo.
Abaturage bavuga iki?
Mu bice byavuzweho kugabwaho ibitero, abaturage bamwe batangaje ko bumvise urusaku rw’ibisasu n’indege z’intambara. Gusa hari n’abandi bavuga ko imirwano yari ihari yari ishingiye ku guhangana hagati y’impande zishyamiranye, kandi ko bigoye gutandukanya ibitero by’indege n’amasasu y’imbunda ziremereye zakoreshwaga ku butaka.
Imiryango iharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu yasabye impande zose kwirinda ibikorwa byashyira mu kaga ubuzima bw’abaturage.
Impaka ku ruhare rw’ingabo zo mu karere
Iki kibazo cyongeye kuzamura impaka ku ruhare rw’ingabo z’ibihugu byo mu karere mu bibazo by’umutekano by’ibindi bihugu. Hari abavuga ko ubufasha bw’ingabo za Uganda bwagize uruhare mu gukumira ihirikwa ry’ubutegetsi no kurinda ibigo bya leta.
Ariko hari n’abemeza ko kwinjira mu ntambara z’imbere mu gihugu bishobora gutera ibibazo birimo kwivanga mu miyoborere no kongera ubukana bw’imirwano.
Ese hazabaho iperereza?
Komisiyo ya Loni ishinzwe Uburenganzira bw’Ikiremwamuntu yasabye ko hakorwa iperereza ryigenga. Gusa ntibiramenyekana niba ubuyobozi bwa Sudani y’Epfo cyangwa Uganda buzabyemera ku mugaragaro.
Abasesenguzi bavuga ko niba iperereza ryakorwa mu mucyo, ryafasha gukuraho urujijo no kugaragaza ukuri ku byabaye. Ariko kandi, bashimangira ko mu bihe by’intambara, kubona amakuru yizewe bigorana.
Ingaruka ku mubano mpuzamahanga
Ibi birego bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mubano wa Uganda n’imiryango mpuzamahanga, cyane cyane mu bijyanye n’uburenganzira bwa muntu. Uganda isanzwe igira uruhare mu butumwa bw’amahoro butandukanye ku mugabane wa Afurika, kandi izina ryayo rishingiye ku kuba igihugu gifite ingabo zifite ubunararibonye.
Niba ibirego byemejwe, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo Uganda ibonwa ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Ariko niba byamaganwe burundu, bishobora gushimangira umwanya wayo nk’igihugu gifasha mu kubungabunga umutekano.
Umwanzuro
Guhakana kwa UPDF raporo ya Komisiyo ya Loni ishinzwe Uburenganzira bw’Ikiremwamuntu ku birego byo kurasa ibisasu ku basivile muri Sudani y’Epfo byongeye kugaragaza uko ibibazo by’umutekano mu karere bikomeje kuba ingorabahizi.
Mu gihe Loni isaba iperereza ryigenga, Uganda yo ivuga ko ibikorwa byayo byari bigamije kurinda abaturage no kugarura ituze i Juba. Ukuri ku byabaye kuzagaragazwa n’iperereza n’amakuru azakusanywa mu minsi iri imbere.
Hagati aho, abaturage ba Sudani y’Epfo bakomeje kuba ari bo bahura n’ingaruka z’imirwano, mu gihe impande zinyuranye zikomeje guterana amagambo ku byabaye. Icyizere cy’amahoro arambye kizaterwa n’ubushake bwa politiki, kubaha amategeko mpuzamahanga no gushyira imbere inyungu z’abaturage kurusha iz’intambara.
