Intambara ya M23 na FARDC Ikomeje Gushyuha: Ese M23 Iracyafite Imbaraga Cyangwa Irimo Gusubira Inyuma?
Mu minsi ishize, amakuru aturuka mu burasirazuba bwa Democratic Republic of the Congo akomeje kugaragaza ko imirwano hagati y’umutwe wa M23 n’ingabo za leta ya Congo zizwi nka FARDC ikomeje kuba iy’ubushyuhe bukomeye. Iyi ntambara imaze igihe kinini ikomeje guteza umutekano muke mu ntara ya North Kivu, aho abaturage benshi bamaze guhunga ingo zabo kubera imirwano ikomeje.
Mu gihe impande zombi zikomeza gushinjanya, bamwe mu basesenguzi bavuga ko hari impinduka zigaragara mu buryo iyi ntambara iri kugenda. Hari abavuga ko M23 isa n’iri kugabanya umuvuduko mu mirwano, mu gihe ingabo za FARDC zo zisa n’iziri kongera imbaraga mu kugerageza gusubiza inyuma uyu mutwe w’inyeshyamba.
Ibi byose bikomeje gutuma abaturage bibaza niba koko M23 ishobora gukomeza guhangana n’izi ngabo za leta cyangwa niba ishobora guhura n’ibibazo bikomeye mu gihe kiri imbere.
Amasezerano ya Doha n’icyo asaba impande zombi
Mu rwego rwo gushaka amahoro arambye muri aka karere, hagiye haba ibiganiro bitandukanye by’amahoro byitabiriwe n’impande zitandukanye. Kimwe mu byagarutsweho cyane ni ibiganiro byabereye i Doha muri Qatar.
Aya masezerano yari agamije gushaka umuti w’iki kibazo kimaze igihe mu burasirazuba bwa Congo. Mu biganiro byabereye i Doha, impande zombi zasabwe guhagarika imirwano no gukomeza inzira y’ibiganiro.
M23 yakomeje gutangaza ko iri kubahiriza ibyo yasabwe muri ayo masezerano, ariko igakomeza kuvuga ko ingabo za FARDC zikomeje kuyirasaho no kugaba ibitero ku birindiro byayo.
Ibi byatumye bamwe mu basesenguzi bavuga ko amasezerano ya Doha ashobora kuba atarashyirwa mu bikorwa ku buryo busesuye.
Ibibazo M23 ishobora kuba ihura na byo
Nubwo M23 yigeze kugaragaza imbaraga zikomeye mu ntambara zagiye ziba mu burasirazuba bwa Congo, hari abavuga ko uyu mutwe ushobora kuba uri guhura n’ibibazo bitandukanye.
Kimwe muri ibyo bibazo ni ihangana rikomeye n’ingabo za FARDC, ziri gufashwa n’indi mitwe ndetse n’ingabo zituruka mu bihugu by’inshuti za Congo.
Hari amakuru agaragaza ko ingabo z’u Burundi nazo ziri mu bafasha Congo muri iyi ntambara, ibintu bishobora kongera imbaraga ku ruhande rwa FARDC.
Iyo umutwe w’inyeshyamba uhanganye n’ingabo za leta zifite ubufasha bw’ibindi bihugu, bishobora kuwugora cyane.
Uruhare rw’u Rwanda muri iki kibazo
Mu biganiro byinshi byagiye biba ku kibazo cya M23, igihugu cya Rwanda cyagiye kivugwaho kenshi.
Leta ya Congo yagiye ivuga ko u Rwanda rushyigikira M23, ariko u Rwanda rwo rwagiye ruhakana ibi birego, rukavuga ko ikibazo cyo mu burasirazuba bwa Congo kigomba gukemurwa binyuze mu biganiro bya politiki.
Mu bihe bitandukanye, abayobozi b’u Rwanda bagiye bavuga ko u Rwanda rufite impungenge z’umutekano wacyo bitewe n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro ikorera muri Congo.
Urugero rw’iyo mitwe ni FDLR, umutwe u Rwanda ruvuga ko ugizwe n’abagize uruhare muri jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.
Ibi bituma ikibazo cyo mu burasirazuba bwa Congo kiba ikibazo gikomeye kirimo ibihugu byinshi byo mu karere.
Imirwano hafi ya Goma
Mu minsi ishize, amakuru aturuka mu mujyi wa Goma yagaragaje ko hari ibisasu byarashwe hafi y’uyu mujyi.
Goma ni umwe mu mijyi minini yo mu burasirazuba bwa Congo kandi uri hafi cyane y’umupaka wa Rwanda, cyane cyane umujyi wa Rubavu.
Iyo imirwano ibaye hafi y’uyu mupaka, bituma abaturage b’impande zombi bagira impungenge z’umutekano wabo.
Mu bihe byashize, hari igihe ibisasu byaguye ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda, ibintu byatumye u Rwanda rufata ingamba zo gukaza umutekano ku mupaka.
Impamvu iyi ntambara igoye kurangira
Abasesenguzi benshi bavuga ko intambara yo mu burasirazuba bwa Congo igoye kurangira kubera impamvu nyinshi zitandukanye.
Zimwe muri izo mpamvu harimo:
Umubare munini w’imitwe yitwaje intwaro ikorera muri ako karere
Umutungo kamere mwinshi uri muri ako gace
Kutizerana hagati y’impande zitandukanye
Inyungu za politiki z’ibihugu byo mu karere
Ibi byose bituma gushaka amahoro arambye muri aka karere biba ikibazo gikomeye.
Ingaruka ku baturage
Nubwo imirwano iba hagati y’imitwe yitwaje intwaro n’ingabo za leta, abaturage ni bo bakunze guhura n’ingaruka zikomeye z’iyi ntambara.
Abaturage benshi bo mu ntara ya North Kivu bamaze imyaka myinshi bahunga ingo zabo.
Hari ababa mu nkambi z’impunzi, abandi bakabura ibiribwa n’ibindi bikenerwa mu buzima bwa buri munsi.
Ibi bituma ikibazo cy’umutekano mu burasirazuba bwa Congo kiba ikibazo gikomeye cy’ubutabazi ku rwego mpuzamahanga.
Ese amahoro arashoboka?
Nubwo ikibazo cyo mu burasirazuba bwa Congo kimaze imyaka myinshi, hari icyizere ko amahoro ashobora kuboneka mu gihe impande zose zishyize imbere ibiganiro.
Ibihugu byo mu karere ndetse n’imiryango mpuzamahanga bikomeje gushishikariza impande zose kureka imirwano no gushaka ibisubizo binyuze mu biganiro bya politiki.
Abasesenguzi bavuga ko amahoro arambye ashobora kuboneka gusa mu gihe:
impande zose zubahirije amasezerano
ibibazo by’umutekano bikemuwe
abaturage bagasubira mu buzima busanzwe
Umwanzuro
Intambara iri hagati ya M23 n’ingabo za FARDC ikomeje kuba imwe mu ntambara zikomeye mu karere k’ibiyaga bigari.
Mu gihe impande zombi zikomeje gushinjanya ku kuba zitarubahirije amasezerano ya Doha, abaturage bo mu burasirazuba bwa Democratic Republic of the Congo bakomeje kuba ari bo bahura n’ingaruka zikomeye z’iyi ntambara.
Icyizere cy’amahoro kiracyahari, ariko bisaba ubushake bwa politiki, ibiganiro byimbitse ndetse n’ubufatanye bw’ibihugu byo mu karere kugira ngo iki kibazo kimaze imyaka myinshi kibonerwe umuti urambye.
