Ibivugwa ku Rwanda n’intambara yo mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC: Ibisobanuro ku byatangajwe mu nama ya ONU yabereye i Washington
Mu nama yabereye i Washington, iri kuvugwamo ibibazo by’umutekano muke mu Burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC), hongeye kugarukwaho ibirego birebana n’u Rwanda n’umutwe wa M23. Muri iyi nama, byatangajwe ko intumwa ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika yagaragaje ko hakenewe ko u Rwanda rukura ingabo zarwo muri RDC, ndetse ko hakwiye no gufatwa ingamba zo kurandura umutwe wa FDLR uvugwa ko ukorera muri icyo gihugu.
Aya magambo yakurikiwe n’ibitekerezo byinshi bitandukanye, haba ku mbuga nkoranyambaga no mu itangazamakuru mpuzamahanga. Ariko nk’abanyamakuru bashyira imbere ukuri n’isesengura rishingiye ku bimenyetso, birakwiye gusobanura neza aho ibintu bihagaze no kugaragaza amakuru ashingiye ku bushakashatsi butandukanye bwagiye bukorwa ku kibazo cy’umutekano muke mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC.
Ibyatangajwe mu nama ya Washington
Muri iyi nama, intumwa ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, yaserukiye ubuyobozi bwa Perezida Donald Trump, yasabye ko u Rwanda rukura ingabo zarwo mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC. Yanavuze ko Leta ya RDC ikwiye gufata iya mbere mu kurandura umutwe wa FDLR, umaze igihe kirekire uvugwa nk’uhungabanya umutekano mu karere.
Icyakora, ibi byatangajwe mu gihe u Rwanda rwagiye ruhakana kenshi ko rufite ingabo ziri ku butaka bwa RDC. Ubuyobozi bw’u Rwanda bwagiye busobanura ko ikibazo cy’umutekano muke muri RDC ari ikibazo cy’imbere muri icyo gihugu, gikeneye ibisubizo bya politiki n’ubuyobozi bwiza, aho gushyira mu majwi ibihugu by’abaturanyi.
M23 na RDC: Intambara ihanganishije impande ebyiri
Birazwi ko umutwe wa M23 ari wo uri mu mirwano ihanganishije ingabo za Leta ya RDC (FARDC) mu Burasirazuba bw’icyo gihugu. M23 ni umutwe wavutse mu 2012, uvuga ko uharanira uburenganzira bw’Abanye-Congo bavuga Ikinyarwanda n’abandi bavuga ko basigajwe inyuma mu miyoborere ya RDC.
Nubwo hari ibihugu n’imiryango mpuzamahanga byagiye bishinja u Rwanda gushyigikira M23, u Rwanda rwakomeje kubihakana rwivuye inyuma, ruvuga ko ntaho ruhuriye n’ibikorwa by’uyu mutwe. Abashakashatsi bamwe mu bya politiki n’umutekano mu karere bagaragaje ko ikibazo cya M23 gifite imizi mu bibazo by’imbere muri RDC birimo imiyoborere mibi, ruswa, ubusumbane n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro imaze imyaka irenga 30 ikorera muri icyo gihugu.
Ni ingenzi kwibuka ko mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC habarurwa imitwe yitwaje intwaro irenga 100, harimo na FDLR, umutwe ugizwe n’abasize bakoze Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 n’abawushyigikiye. Uyu mutwe umaze imyaka myinshi uvugwaho guhungabanya umutekano w’u Rwanda no gukorera ibikorwa by’iterabwoba mu karere.
FDLR: Ikibazo kimaze imyaka irenga 20
Kimwe mu bibazo bikomeje kugarukwaho ni impamvu umutwe wa FDLR utarandurwa burundu mu gihe umaze imyaka myinshi ukorera mu mashyamba ya RDC. Leta ya RDC yagiye ivuga ko igoye kuwurandura burundu kubera imiterere y’akarere no kuba hari aho uba uvanga n’abaturage.
Icyakora, hari abasesenguzi bavuga ko kuba FDLR igikora ari ikimenyetso cy’uko Leta ya RDC itigeze ifata ingamba zihagije zo kuwurandura, cyangwa se ko hari inyungu zinyuranye zagiye zituma ikibazo kidakemuka burundu. U Rwanda rwo rwagiye rugaragaza ko umutekano warwo udashobora gusigara mu maboko y’imitwe yitwaje intwaro iri hakurya y’umupaka.
Iby’amasoko y’ubutare n’amasezerano
Hari kandi ibitekerezo byagiye byumvikana mu nama ya Washington bivuga ko ikibazo cy’umutekano mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC gifitanye isano n’umutungo kamere, cyane cyane amabuye y’agaciro. RDC ni kimwe mu bihugu bikize ku mabuye y’agaciro nka zahabu, coltan na cassiterite.
Gusa, nta bimenyetso bifatika byigeze bitangwa byerekana ko u Rwanda rufite amasezerano yihariye yo gucunga cyangwa kwigarurira ubutaka bwa RDC. U Rwanda ni igihugu gifite politiki ihamye yo guteza imbere ubukungu rushingiye ku miyoborere myiza, ikoranabuhanga, serivisi n’ishoramari. Iterambere ryarwo mu myaka 20 ishize ryagiye rishingira ku ivugurura ry’inzego z’imisoro, korohereza ishoramari no kubaka ibikorwa remezo.
Abasesenguzi mu by’ubukungu bagaragaza ko nubwo RDC ifite umutungo kamere mwinshi, ikibazo cyayo nyamukuru atari ukubura umutungo, ahubwo ari imiyoborere mibi, ruswa n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro igenzura ibice bimwe by’igihugu.
Ibyifuzo byo gufungura ibibuga by’indege bya Goma na Bukavu
Mu nama yabereye i Washington, hanagarutswe ku gufungura ibibuga by’indege bya Goma na Bukavu, bivugwa ko biri mu bice bigenzurwa na M23. Iki cyifuzo kigamije korohereza ubwikorezi bw’abatabazi n’ubucuruzi, cyane cyane mu bihe by’intambara aho abaturage baba bakeneye ubufasha bwihuse.
Ariko na none, iki kibazo gikwiye kurebwa mu buryo bwagutse, aho impande zose zigomba kumvikana ku buryo bwo kurinda abasivile no kubahiriza amategeko mpuzamahanga.
U Rwanda n’umutekano w’akarere
U Rwanda rwagiye rugaragaza ko rushyira imbere umutekano w’akarere binyuze mu bufatanye n’ibihugu bitandukanye no mu butumwa bwo kubungabunga amahoro hirya no hino ku isi. Ingabo z’u Rwanda ziri mu butumwa bw’amahoro mu bihugu bitandukanye ku isi, bikagaragaza ko igihugu gifite ubunararibonye mu kugarura ituze aho rukenewe.
Ku birego by’uko u Rwanda rufite ingabo muri RDC, Leta y’u Rwanda yakomeje kubihakana, isaba ko ibiganiro byibanda ku muti w’ikibazo nyirizina aho guheranwa n’ibirego bidafite gihamya ihamye.
Umwanzuro: Hakenewe ibisubizo bya politiki aho guheranwa n’ibirego
Ikibazo cy’umutekano muke mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC kimaze imyaka irenga 30. Kugishyira ku gihugu kimwe cyangwa kuvuga ko igisubizo ari ugukuraho ingabo z’igihugu runaka ntibikemura imizi yacyo.
Hakenewe ibiganiro bya politiki birimo impande zose bireba, kurandura imitwe yitwaje intwaro yose irimo na FDLR, no gukemura ibibazo by’imiyoborere n’ubusumbane muri RDC.
Nk’abanyamakuru, inshingano si ugushyigikira ibirego bidafite gihamya cyangwa amagambo ashobora gukongeza amarangamutima, ahubwo ni ugutanga amakuru asesenguye, ashingiye ku bushakashatsi no ku kuri.
U Rwanda rukwiye gukomeza gusobanura aho ruhagaze no gukorana n’imiryango mpuzamahanga mu gushaka amahoro arambye mu karere. Intambara ihanganishije M23 na Leta ya RDC ni ikibazo kigomba gukemurwa n’impande bireba binyuze mu biganiro, aho guheranwa n’amatangazo ya politiki ashobora kongera umwuka mubi mu karere.
Amahoro arambye azaboneka binyuze mu kuri, mu biganiro no mu bushake bwa politiki bw’impande zose.
