GOMA: Uruhare rw’Ubwitange mu Bikorwa by’Ubutabazi Rugamije Gukomeza kugeza RDC Igeze ku Mibereho Ihamye
Mu mujyi wa Goma, uherereye mu burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC), hakomeje kugaragara ibibazo bikomeye by’umutekano n’ubutabazi bwihutirwa ku baturage. Uyu mujyi umaze igihe kinini uri mu bibazo by’intambara, ubuhunzi, n’ubukene bukabije, aho abaturage benshi babayeho mu bwoba no mu buzima bugoye cyane.
Muri iyi mimerere, hagiye habaho intambwe nshya ifite ubusobanuro bukomeye: isinywa ry’amasezerano hagati y’umutwe wa AFC/M23 n’umuryango mpuzamahanga wa Geneva Call. Aya masezerano agaragaza icyerekezo gishya mu bijyanye n’ubutabazi n’uburyo bwo kurinda abasivili mu bihe by’intambara.
Iyi nkuru irasesengura byimbitse icyo aya masezerano asobanuye, impamvu ari ingenzi, n’uko ashobora kugira uruhare mu guhindura ubuzima bw’abaturage ba RDC mu gihe kirekire.
Imiterere ya Goma n’Ibibazo Biyugarije
Goma ni umwe mu mijyi ifite amateka akomeye y’intambara n’umutekano mucye. Mu myaka ishize, abaturage b’aka gace bagiye bahura n’ibibazo birimo:
Intambara z’urudaca hagati y’imitwe itandukanye
Kwimurwa kw’abaturage mu byabo (internal displacement)
Ibura ry’ibikoresho by’ibanze nk’amazi meza, ibiribwa n’ubuvuzi
Ihohoterwa rikorerwa abasivili
Ibi byose byatumye ubuzima bw’abaturage bugorana cyane, ndetse benshi bakaba babayeho mu nkambi z’impunzi, badafite icyizere cy’ejo hazaza.
Ni muri urwo rwego, ibikorwa byose bigamije gutanga ubutabazi no kurinda ubuzima bw’abaturage biba bifite agaciro gakomeye cyane.
Amasezerano hagati ya AFC/M23 na Geneva Call
Isinywa ry’aya masezerano hagati ya AFC/M23 na Geneva Call ni intambwe ikomeye mu gushaka ibisubizo by’ibibazo byugarije abaturage.
Geneva Call ni umuryango mpuzamahanga uzwiho gukorana n’imitwe itari iya Leta mu rwego rwo guteza imbere kubahiriza amategeko mpuzamahanga arengera abasivili mu bihe by’intambara.
Aya masezerano ashingiye ku nkingi zikomeye zirimo:
Kurinda umutekano w’abaturage
Guteza imbere ituze (stabilisation)
Gukomeza ibikorwa by’ubutabazi
Kurengera abasivili mu bihe byose
Ibi byose bigaragaza ko hari umuhate wo gushyiraho uburyo buhamye bwo gukemura ibibazo byugarije abaturage, hatitawe gusa ku nyungu za politiki cyangwa iz’intambara.
Uruhare rw’Igihe Kirekire: Si Igikorwa Cy’Akanya Gato
Kimwe mu bintu by’ingenzi cyane kuri aya masezerano ni uko atari igikorwa cy’akanya gato. Ahubwo, ni ubwitange bw’igihe kirekire bugamije gukomeza kugeza igihugu cyose kigeze ku mahoro arambye.
Ibi bisobanuye ko:
Ibikorwa by’ubutabazi bitazahagarara bitewe n’ihindagurika ry’ibihe
Hazabaho gukomeza kunoza uburyo bwo gufasha abaturage
Hazakorwa igenzura rihoraho kugira ngo harebwe ibikenewe
Iyi myumvire yo gukora ibintu mu buryo buhoraho ni ingenzi cyane, kuko ibibazo bya Goma n’indi mijyi ya RDC bitakemurwa mu gihe gito.
Kurinda Abasivili: Inkingi Nyamukuru
Mu bihe by’intambara, abasivili ni bo bahura n’ingaruka zikomeye kurusha abandi. Ni yo mpamvu aya masezerano ashyira imbere cyane kurinda ubuzima bwabo.
Ibi bikubiyemo:
Kwirinda ibikorwa by’ihohoterwa
Gutanga ubufasha bwihutirwa ku bakomeretse
Kurinda abagore n’abana, bakunze kwibasirwa cyane
Gushyiraho uburyo bwo gukumira ihohoterwa
Iyo abasivili barinzwe, bituma habaho amahirwe yo kubaka amahoro arambye, kuko abaturage bagira icyizere cyo kubaho neza.
Uburyo bwo Gushyira mu Bikorwa Aya Masezerano
Aya masezerano ntabwo ari amagambo gusa, ahubwo asaba ibikorwa bifatika.
Mu rwego rwo kuyashyira mu bikorwa:
Hazashyirwaho gahunda zihamye zo gufasha abaturage
Hazakorwa ubufatanye hagati y’impande zitandukanye
Hazakomeza kugenzurwa niba amategeko yubahirizwa
Hazifashishwa uburyo buhinduka bitewe n’uko ibintu bihagaze
Ibi byose bigamije gutuma aya masezerano ataba impapuro gusa, ahubwo agahinduka ibikorwa bigaragara mu buzima bw’abaturage.
Ubutumwa Ku Baturage ba RDC
Aya masezerano atanga ubutumwa bukomeye ku baturage ba RDC:
Ko hari ubushake bwo gukomeza kubafasha
Ko batari bonyine mu bibazo byabo
Ko hari icyizere cy’ejo hazaza
Ibi bifasha abaturage kongera icyizere no gukomeza kwihangana nubwo ubuzima bukomeje kuba bugoye.
Ingaruka ku rwego mpuzamahanga
Ku rwego mpuzamahanga, aya masezerano agaragaza ko:
Kurinda abasivili ari inshingano y’ibanze
Kubahiriza amategeko mpuzamahanga bidakwiye kwirengagizwa
Hari icyerekezo cyo gushaka amahoro arambye
Ibi bituma n’amahanga abona ko hari intambwe iri guterwa, bigashobora no gutuma haza ubufasha bwinshi kurushaho.
Inzira igana ku Mahoro Arambye
Amahoro arambye ntabwo aboneka mu gihe gito. Asaba:
Kwihangana
Gukomeza ibikorwa byiza
Ubufatanye bw’impande zose
Kubahiriza amategeko
Aya masezerano ni imwe mu ntambwe igana kuri iyo ntego, nubwo urugendo rukiri rurerure.
Umwanzuro
Amasezerano yasinywe hagati ya AFC/M23 na Geneva Call ni ikimenyetso cy’icyizere ku baturage ba Goma n’igihugu cya RDC muri rusange. Agaragaza ko hari ubushake bwo gukomeza ibikorwa by’ubutabazi no kurinda abasivili kugeza igihugu kigeze ku mahoro arambye.
Iyi gahunda y’igihe kirekire ni ingenzi cyane, kuko itanga icyizere ko ibikorwa bitazahagarara ahubwo bizakomeza kugeza intego nyamukuru igezeho.
Mu gihe ibibazo bikiri byinshi, aya masezerano ashobora kuba intangiriro y’urugendo rushya rugana ku mahoro, ituze, n’iterambere ryuzuye muri RDC.
Amahoro arambye ntuboneka mu magambo gusa — yubakwa n’ibikorwa bihoraho, ubwitange, n’ubufatanye.
