Abaganga basobanura impamvu kubyara abazwe (Césarienne) ari ingenzi mu kurengera ubuzima bw’umubyeyi n’umwana
Abaganga bavura abagore (gynécologues-obstétriciens) baravuga ko kubyara umubyeyi abazwe, bizwi nka Césarienne, ari bumwe mu buryo bukoreshwa hagamijwe kurengera ubuzima bw’umubyeyi n’umwana mu gihe uburyo busanzwe bwo kubyara (voie basse) butashobotse cyangwa bushobora gushyira ubuzima bwabo mu kaga.
Ni uburyo bwifashishwa mu gihe habonetse impamvu z’ubuvuzi zituma kubyara mu buryo busanzwe bidashoboka cyangwa bigatera ibyago bikomeye. Abaganga bashimangira ko iki gikorwa kitagomba gufatwa nk’ikintu kidasanzwe cyangwa giteye ubwoba, ahubwo ko ari igikorwa cy’ubuvuzi kigamije gukiza ubuzima.
Kubyara abazwe bisobanura iki?
Kubyara abazwe ni igikorwa cyo kubaga umubyeyi mu nda no muri nyababyeyi (uterus) hagamijwe gukuramo umwana mu gihe atashobora kuvuka mu buryo busanzwe. Iki gikorwa gikorwa n’abaganga babifitiye ubumenyi n’ibikoresho byabugenewe, kikabera mu bitaro bifite ubushobozi bwo kwakira abagore batwite n’abana bavuka.
Mu myaka yashize, hari abagore batinyaga kubyara babazwe, bamwe bakeka ko ari ikimenyetso cyo gutsindwa kubyara mu buryo busanzwe. Ariko abaganga bavuga ko iyo byemejwe n’inzobere, kubyara abazwe ari icyemezo gifatwa hagamijwe kurengera ubuzima, atari intege nke.
Impamvu zituma umubyeyi abyarishwa kubagwa
Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutuma abaganga bafata icyemezo cyo kubyaza umubyeyi babazwe. Zimwe muri zo zirimo:
- Umwana uri mu mwanya utari wo (malpresentation) – Iyo umwana adashyize umutwe hasi cyangwa ari mu mwanya utuma kubyara bisanzwe bigorana.
- Umwana munini cyane – Iyo umwana afite ibiro byinshi bishobora gutuma atanyura mu myanya isanzwe.
- Ibibazo by’umutima w’umwana – Iyo ibimenyetso byerekana ko umwana ari mu kaga kandi akeneye kuvutswa byihuse.
- Umubyeyi ufite ibibazo by’ubuzima – Nko kugira umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso (hypertension), indwara y’igisukari (diabetes) cyangwa izindi ndwara zishobora gutuma kubyara bisanzwe bimugiraho ingaruka.
- Kubaga kenshi mbere – Iyo umubyeyi yigeze kubyara abazwe inshuro nyinshi, bishobora gusaba kongera kubagwa.
Abaganga bagaragaza ko icyemezo cyo kubaga gifatwa hashyizwe imbere ubuzima bw’umubyeyi n’umwana, kandi ko kibanzirizwa n’isuzuma ryimbitse.
Akamaro ko kwisuzumisha kenshi mu gihe utwite
Abaganga bashimangira ko kugira ngo hirindwe ibyago bishobora gutera urupfu rw’umubyeyi cyangwa umwana, ari ingenzi ko abagore batwite bisuzumisha kenshi (antenatal care).
Mu gihe cyo kwisuzumisha, abaganga bareba uko umwana akura, uko umutima we utera, uko umubyeyi ahagaze mu buzima, ndetse bakanapima indwara zishobora kumugiraho ingaruka. Ibi bituma ibibazo bishobora kubaho bimenyekana hakiri kare, hagafatwa ingamba ziboneye.
Iyo umubyeyi atisuzumishije, bishobora gutuma ibibazo bikomeye bitamenyekana kugeza igihe cyo kubyara kigeze, bikaba byashyira ubuzima bwe n’umwana mu kaga.
Ibyiza byo kubyara abazwe igihe byemejwe n’abaganga
Nubwo kubaga ari igikorwa gikomeye, iyo gikorwa mu buryo bukwiye kandi bukurikije amabwiriza y’ubuvuzi, gifite inyungu nyinshi zirimo:
- Kugabanya ibyago byo kubura umwuka k’umwana.
- Kurinda umubyeyi kuva amaraso menshi.
- Kwirinda ko umwana avuka afite ibibazo byatewe no kuguma mu nda igihe kinini.
- Gutuma ibibazo byari byagaragaye mbere y’igihe bitongera gukomera.
Abaganga bemeza ko kubyara abazwe atari icyemezo gifatwa ku bushake bw’umubyeyi gusa, ahubwo ari icyemezo cy’ubuvuzi gifatwa nyuma yo gusuzuma ibyago bishoboka.
Uko umubyeyi agomba kwitwara nyuma yo kubagwa
Nyuma yo kubyara abazwe, umubyeyi aba akeneye kwitabwaho byihariye kurusha uwabyaye mu buryo busanzwe. Abaganga bagira inama abagore gukurikiza amabwiriza yose bahabwa kugira ngo bakire neza.
Zimwe mu nama zirimo:
- Kuruhuka bihagije no kwirinda imirimo iremereye.
- Gufata imiti bahawe uko byagenwe.
- Kwita ku gikomere no kugisukura neza.
- Kwisuzumisha kenshi nyuma yo kubyara (postnatal check-ups).
- Kurya indyo yuzuye kandi ifasha gukira vuba.
Kutubahiriza aya mabwiriza bishobora gutera ibibazo birimo kwandura kw’igikomere, kuva amaraso cyangwa ibindi bibazo by’ubuzima.
Imyumvire itari yo ku kubyara abazwe
Hari imyumvire imwe n’imwe ikigaragara mu muryango nyarwanda no mu bindi bihugu, aho bamwe batekereza ko kubyara abazwe ari ikintu kidasanzwe cyangwa kigaragaza intege nke. Abaganga bahamya ko iyi myumvire ikwiye guhinduka, kuko icyo gikorwa kigamije gukiza ubuzima.
Hari n’abagore batinya kubyara babazwe kubera inkuru baba barumvise cyangwa ibitekerezo by’abantu. Abaganga basaba ko amakuru ajyanye n’ubuzima bw’umubyeyi yatangirwa ku masoko yizewe, kandi ko buri kibazo kibazwa inzobere.
Uruhare rw’umuryango n’abagabo
Mu gihe umubyeyi atwite cyangwa amaze kubyara abazwe, umuryango ugira uruhare rukomeye mu kumushyigikira. Abagabo by’umwihariko basabwa kuba hafi y’abagore babo, kubafasha mu mirimo no kubahumuriza mu bihe bikomeye.
Kuba umubyeyi yumva ashyigikiwe bigira uruhare runini mu gukira kwe vuba no mu kwita ku mwana wavutse.
Kugabanya impfu z’ababyeyi n’abana
Kubyara abazwe, kimwe n’izindi serivisi z’ubuvuzi bwiza ku bagore batwite, bifite uruhare runini mu kugabanya impfu z’ababyeyi n’abana bavuka. Iyo serivisi z’ubuzima zitangwa ku gihe kandi mu buryo bwiza, ubuzima burarindwa.
Abaganga bashimangira ko igikomeye atari uko umubyeyi abyara mu buryo busanzwe cyangwa abazwe, ahubwo ko akiza ubuzima bwe n’ubw’umwana.
Umwanzuro
Kubyara umubyeyi abazwe ni bumwe mu buryo bw’ingenzi mu buvuzi bw’abagore, bugamije kurengera ubuzima mu gihe kubyara bisanzwe bidashoboka cyangwa bishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga.
Abaganga bagaragaza ko kwisuzumisha kenshi mu gihe utwite no gukurikiza inama z’ubuvuzi mbere na nyuma yo kubyara ari ingenzi mu kwirinda ibyatera urupfu cyangwa ibindi bibazo bikomeye.
Ni inshingano z’umuryango, inzego z’ubuzima n’umubyeyi ubwe gufatanya mu kwita ku buzima bwe, kugira ngo kubyara bibe igikorwa cy’ibyishimo aho kuba intandaro y’ibibazo.
Gusobanukirwa neza ko kubyara abazwe ari icyemezo cy’ubuvuzi kigamije gukiza ubuzima bizafasha guhindura imyumvire no gutuma abagore babyitabira igihe bibaye ngombwa, bityo ubuzima bwabo n’ubw’abana babo bukarushaho kurindwa.
Abaganga bavura abagore (gynécologues-obstétriciens) baravuga ko kubyara umubyeyi abazwe, bizwi nka Césarienne, ari bumwe mu buryo bukoreshwa hagamijwe kurengera ubuzima bw’umubyeyi n’umwana mu gihe uburyo busanzwe bwo kubyara (voie basse) butashobotse cyangwa bushobora gushyira ubuzima bwabo mu kaga.
Ni uburyo bwifashishwa mu gihe habonetse impamvu z’ubuvuzi zituma kubyara mu buryo busanzwe bidashoboka cyangwa bigatera ibyago bikomeye. Abaganga bashimangira ko iki gikorwa kitagomba gufatwa nk’ikintu kidasanzwe cyangwa giteye ubwoba, ahubwo ko ari igikorwa cy’ubuvuzi kigamije gukiza ubuzima.
Kubyara abazwe bisobanura iki?
Kubyara abazwe ni igikorwa cyo kubaga umubyeyi mu nda no muri nyababyeyi (uterus) hagamijwe gukuramo umwana mu gihe atashobora kuvuka mu buryo busanzwe. Iki gikorwa gikorwa n’abaganga babifitiye ubumenyi n’ibikoresho byabugenewe, kikabera mu bitaro bifite ubushobozi bwo kwakira abagore batwite n’abana bavuka.
Mu myaka yashize, hari abagore batinyaga kubyara babazwe, bamwe bakeka ko ari ikimenyetso cyo gutsindwa kubyara mu buryo busanzwe. Ariko abaganga bavuga ko iyo byemejwe n’inzobere, kubyara abazwe ari icyemezo gifatwa hagamijwe kurengera ubuzima, atari intege nke.
Impamvu zituma umubyeyi abyarishwa kubagwa
Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutuma abaganga bafata icyemezo cyo kubyaza umubyeyi babazwe. Zimwe muri zo zirimo:
- Umwana uri mu mwanya utari wo (malpresentation) – Iyo umwana adashyize umutwe hasi cyangwa ari mu mwanya utuma kubyara bisanzwe bigorana.
- Umwana munini cyane – Iyo umwana afite ibiro byinshi bishobora gutuma atanyura mu myanya isanzwe.
- Ibibazo by’umutima w’umwana – Iyo ibimenyetso byerekana ko umwana ari mu kaga kandi akeneye kuvutswa byihuse.
- Umubyeyi ufite ibibazo by’ubuzima – Nko kugira umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso (hypertension), indwara y’igisukari (diabetes) cyangwa izindi ndwara zishobora gutuma kubyara bisanzwe bimugiraho ingaruka.
- Kubaga kenshi mbere – Iyo umubyeyi yigeze kubyara abazwe inshuro nyinshi, bishobora gusaba kongera kubagwa.
